Skripsi
An Analysis of Conversational Implicatures of the Main Characters in Lady Bird Film: A Pragmatic Study
ABSTRACT
Effective and efficient communication is certainly expected so the purpose of communication can be transmitted by the speaker and understood well by the listener. Thus, the conversational participants are expected to speak honestly, sufficiently, relevantly, and accordingly. However, sometimes in the on-going communication process, most people prefer not to be straight to the point of what they want to say with a variety of reasons. As well as with verbal communication in daily basis, conversation in a film's script does that same thing. As a crucial part in a film story, dialogue then becomes a bridge for someone to understand the plot of a story. On many occasions, film dialogues, especially family-themed films, are made to resemble and represent the illustration of verbal communication in everyday life so the insertion of the implied meaning behind the utterances is highly potential to be found.
The focus of this research is to identify verbal communication, specifically conversation, between the two main characters in Lady Bird film dialogue, especially with regard to the formulation of the issues surrounding the form of the existence of the implicatures and functions of the urge of those implicatures. The film itself tells about how the maturity process of a high school girl in terms of thought development. The story is dominated by conflicts between mother and daughter as well as other minor conflicts such as family, friendship, to social class.
Qualitative content analysis is the method applied in this research with the intention of examining the research problems related to conversational implicature and its functions generated in dialogue between the two characters. Data are obtained from the text in the form of dialogue by applying the theory of conversational implicature as a result of exploitations of cooperative principle by Grice by focusing on the generalized conversational implicature and particularized conversational implicature. The data is then combined using illocutionary acts classification to identify the conversational implicature functions which can be in declarative, representative, directive, expressive or commissive form. The results of this research show that the closeness or relationship between participants affects a person's inclination to modify speech and imply the purpose behind it by considering aspects outside language itself.
Key words: cooperative principle, maxims, conversational implicature, illocutionary acts
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