Skripsi
Heathcliff’s Neurosis in Brontë’s Wuthering Heights Novel
ABSTRACT
This research was conducted to explore Heathcliff in Emily Brontë’s
Wuthering Heights novel psychologically. The researcher was aimed to find out the
factors which contributed to the development of Heathcliff’s neurosis and to reveal
the neurotic trends that appear in Heathcliff as he attempts to fight against his
conflicts. The researcher focused on the influence of social environments such as
family life and the cultural condition at the Victorian time in general toward his
psyche. This research allowed a more detailed portrayal of Heathcliff such as
revealed why he behaved in a certain manner concerning some events in the novel.
This research was literary research. The researcher used qualitative method
with content analysis approach in conducting this research. The researcher analyzed
Heathcliff by applying the literary theory and psychological theory. These theories
were the theory of character and characterization, the psychological theory of
neurosis and neurotic trends. The theory of neurosis was applied to find out the
factors which caused Heathcliff suffered neurosis. Then, the theory of neurotic
trends was applied to find out a way of coping strategies that appeared in Heathcliff
as he attempts to deal with his conflicts.
The researcher found that the main cause of Heathcliff’s neurosis as
portrayed in Wuthering Heights novel was basic anxiety produced by the social
environment where he lived. The factors that contributed to his development of
neurosis were familial interference and the culture based on competition. These
factors made him failed to fulfill his needs for affection and approval.
Consequently, he developed three (3) neurotic trends as his defense mechanism to
fight against his conflicts. These neurotic trends were (1) moving toward people by
depending on Catherine; (2) moving against people by taking revenge toward Edgar
and Hindley; and (3) moving away from people by isolating himself emotionally
and physically. After conducting this research, the researcher suggested for the next
researchers who are interested in conducting similar research to study Catherine
psychologically and to study the author’s personality through the text of the
Wuthering Heights novel.
Key words: Neurosis, basic anxiety, neurotic trends, Heathcliff, Wuthering Heights
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